Thyroid diseases are becoming more and more common. Symptoms of thyroid disease are different and depend on the type of ailment.

Symptoms of thyroid disease with a high concentration of the hormone of the gland and a fast metabolic process are loss of body weight, frequent heartbeat and hyperhidrosis, tremor of the hands, nervousness and irritability. 

With a thyroid hormone deficiency, the metabolic process, on the contrary, becomes slower. Symptoms of thyroid disease in this case are weakness and lethargy, high blood pressure with a relatively infrequent heartbeat. A lack of thyroid hormone develops over time, its manifestations may not be very intense and may be nonspecific. As a rule, a deficiency of thyroid hormones is observed in women, in men it is much less common. Hypothyroidism occurs due to a lack of iodine in the body. And since Russia is experiencing a lack of natural iodine, this problem is of particular relevance. 

Lack of thyroid hormone can lead to the development of infertility in women or cause an increased risk of intrauterine pathologies of the child. For this reason, it is necessary to establish hypothyroidism before conception.

In the case when the thyroid gland has undergone changes due to the formation of a tumor, a nodular goiter occurs. If the growth of the gland occurred due to the growth of its tissues, then the goiter is called diffuse. Mixed goiter suggests both conditions. In addition, due to a lack of iodine in the body, the development of goiter of the thyroid gland is possible. However, in this case, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnostics, since the cause of goiter may lie in the process of puberty or gestation. 

In the case when the thyroid gland increases very significantly, it contributes to the displacement of the internal organs that are located close to it – the esophagus and trachea, the vessels of the neck and nerve endings. The symptom of thyroid disease in this case is the development of compression syndrome. Compression syndrome is a compression in the neck, a sensation of a foreign object inside the neck. All these manifestations are accompanied by shortness of breath, which becomes more intense when the head is thrown back, pain during swallowing and hoarseness of the voice.  

Extremely rarely, thyroid symptoms include pain. Pain can develop due to inflammation in the gland or due to bleeding of its tumors.

Overgrown lymph nodes may indicate a viral disease or inflammation. However, sometimes they may indicate the development of an oncological tumor in the thyroid gland.

Autoimmune thyroid diseases have been found more and more recently. Such diseases develop due to the activity of antibodies and blood cells, which, as a result of a complex effect, activate and destruct the gland. Autoimmune thyroiditis and toxic goiter are among the diseases of this category.

Unfortunately, the symptoms of thyroid diseases are absent in most cases of pathologies. For a long time, patients do not feel a change in well-being, not imagining that they have begun to develop a disease. For this reason, endocrinologists strongly recommend regular ultrasound examinations to determine if there are any pathologies with the thyroid gland. In addition to ultrasound, a blood test for thyroid hormones will help establish the presence of a pathology. If a disease is detected, competent treatment should be prescribed.