The glands of the endocrine system are organs of the human body that produce special substances called hormones and perform some functions that are not related to the endocrine system.

The glands of the endocrine system make up the endocrine system, which is responsible for the hormonal background of the human body. The work of the glands of the endocrine system is controlled by the central system of nerves. The connecting organ of the central nervous system and endocrine glands is the pituitary gland.

In general, the glands of the endocrine system regulate a huge number of processes in the human body. Basically , these are metabolic processes. In addition, the glands of the endocrine system are responsible for the proper growth and proper development of the human body. Hormones produced by the endocrine glands penetrate the body fluids – lymph, blood and cerebrospinal fluid. 

The main glands of the endocrine system

The following endocrine glands are distinguished:

– The pituitary gland is one of the most important glands of the endocrine system, which produces the hormones of the pathway, which are responsible for growth and development, the metabolic process and reproductive function. It is not for nothing that the pituitary gland bears the “title” of the main gland of the endocrine system, since it is with its help that all other glands are regulated.

– The adrenal glands are a paired organ of the internal secretion system. This gland is located in the retroperitoneal space, above the kidneys.

– The thyroid gland is an organ of the internal secretion system that regulates metabolic processes in the human body.

– The parathyroid glands are the four glandular organs of the endocrine system that produce parathyroid hormone.

– The pineal gland is a gland of the human endocrine system, which is necessary to maintain the complex of reactions aimed at preventing and stopping bleeding. The pineal gland develops at the stage of fetal development. 

– The hypothalamus is an area of ​​the human brain responsible for the vegetation of the human body.

– The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system, which simultaneously performs endocrine and non-endocrine functions.

– testicles are paired male glands. Their function is to secrete sperm and to produce the major sex hormones in the male body.

– The ovaries represent the female paired gland, which has external and internal functions. External functions of the ovaries are the formation and secretion of an egg during ovulation, and internal are the secretion and secretion of female sex hormones in large numbers and male sex hormones in smaller quantities. 

– the thymus is a paired gland located next to the pleura in the chest area. Thymus is involved in maintaining overall human immunity.

– The placenta is a temporary gland of the endocrine system, which is formed at the time of conception and persists until the end of pregnancy. The placenta is necessary as an intermediary between the mother’s body and the developing fetus.

Disorders of the endocrine glands often occur due to their immediate response to changes in environmental conditions and to internal changes in the human body. Pathologies of the glands of the endocrine system are manifested either in increasing or decreasing their activity. With the pathology of the endocrine glands, a person develops endocrine diseases that require a thorough examination and competent complex therapy.