The thyroid gland is the main organ of the endocrine system, secreting hormones that regulate almost all body functions. The hormone that is secreted by the thyroid determines the metabolic rate. The thyroid gland is located on the front of the neck and is fixed between the larynx and the tracheal tube. The thyroid gland is small in size, resembles a butterfly in shape, since it has two almost identical rounded lobes connected to each other by a thin septum.
The functioning of the thyroid gland depends on the concentration of iodine in the body. In this regard, if a person lives in an area where iodine deficiency is observed, then he needs to additionally take iodine preparations and eat food containing iodine. The most common thyroid disease is goiter, that is, an enlarged thyroid gland.
Thyroid Disease – Cancer
Cancer of the thyroid gland is easy to diagnose. Clinical signs of this thyroid disease, including soreness in the throat and neck, pain during swallowing, can relate to other non-cancerous infections of an infectious nature, and therefore the diagnosis of thyroid cancer can sometimes be difficult. At risk for thyroid cancer are women over the age of thirty years, in particular during menopause. A favorable outcome is more than 90 percent if thyroid cancer was detected early and treatment was started in a timely manner. Thyroid oncology can be a papillary or follicular variety. Treatment of thyroid cancer is to remove the affected part or to resect the entire gland. Most common papillary cancer.
Other thyroid diseases
Other such common thyroid diseases are Bazedov’s disease, thyroiditis, and the appearance of malignant nodules on the thyroid gland. The cause of the Basedow disease is hyperstimulation of thyroid cells, due to which the thyroid begins to secrete too many hormones. Thyroiditis develops due to the high concentration of leukocytes in the blood and in the area in which the thyroid gland is located. If one of the two halves of the thyroid gland begins to increase in size, then this leads to the development of a large number of malignant nodules.
A huge number of people suffer from thyroid diseases, although they do not know about it. Typically, thyroid disease affects women. Iodine deficiency is not the only cause of thyroid disease. In the event of a base disease and thyroiditis, the determining role belongs to antibodies. The clinical signs of thyroid disease can be ignored or confused with signs of an alarming symptom. Accordingly, most thyroid diseases require a long time before the start of diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Strengthening or reducing the activity of the thyroid gland is the impetus for the development of a large number of diseases. Euthyroidism is the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.
Enhanced thyroid activity is manifested in the development of hyperthyroidism. This disease is expressed in the production of a huge amount of hormones by the gland, which the body is unable to cope with. The consequences of the disease are sudden weight loss, hyperhidrosis and fever. With hyperthyroidism, trembling in the hands, chronic fatigue, a frequent pulse are observed.
Weak thyroid function – hypothyroidism, in which there is general weakness. With hyperthyroidism in women, more abundant periods begin.