The side effects of sertraline may be increased appetite, insomnia, depression, depersonalization, anxiety, decreased libido, dizziness, tremors, palpitations, diarrhea and chest pain my-antidepressant.com.
Sertraline is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor medication that is used as an antidepressant to treat mood disorders.
Sertraline side effect
Its main use lies in the intervention of major depressive episodes, although it is also frequently used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety disorders, agoraphobia, social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder.
It is consumed orally and, after ingestion, its active ingredients access the brain regions where they perform the action of the name of the drug: selectively inhibit the reuptake of serotonin.
This fact means that when sertraline is consumed, the amounts of this substance increase in the brain.
Serotonin is a brain chemical (a neurotransmitter) that is responsible for many activities, but above all controls mood, self-esteem, relaxation and well-being.
For this reason, when suffering from depressive episodes, when increasing the amounts of these substances through sertraline, mood improves and depression decreases.
However, by modifying this brain function, other types of unwanted effects may also appear.
What side effects does sertraline cause?
Structure of sertraline.
The consumption of sertraline can cause a large number of side effects, so its consumption should always be done under prescription and medical follow-up.
Although side effects, as we will see below, are numerous, it should be noted that these are not usually very frequent, nor do they exceed in quantity and severity compared to other medications.
In fact, if the medication is administered correctly, in people who require this drug and with adequate doses, it is unlikely that these side effects appear.
However, in the world of medicine, controlling all the variables is practically impossible, so whenever we take a medication we expose ourselves to possible adverse reactions.
The main symptoms that can appear with the consumption of sertraline are:
1- Increase of appetite
Sertraline may cause alterations in appetite. The most common is that it increases, although other types of symptoms can also be seen.
In general, the consumption of sertraline may slightly increase the appetite, but if the alteration is very noticeable it should be consulted by the doctor to evaluate the dimension of the secondary effect.
2- Insomnia, nightmares and drowsiness
Sleep can also be altered through sertraline. These alterations usually occur especially at the beginning of treatment and can be solved over time.
However, we must be alert about these symptoms because they can significantly affect the well-being of the person.
The most common is that the drug causes drowsiness but can also cause the opposite effect causing insomnia and even nightmares.
3- Depression
As paradoxical as it may seem, an antidepressant medication such as sertraline can induce depression.
These effects are especially important when the drug is administered to treat alterations other than depression and, should it appear, the doctor should be consulted quickly.
4- Depersonalization
Depersonalization is an alteration of the perception or experience of oneself, in such a way that the person feels “separate” from the mental processes or the body.
This experience usually lasts a few seconds and during its course you have the feeling that what is happening is unreal.
5- Anxiety, agitation and nervousness
Especially with the first doses of sertraline consumed, you can experience anxiety, agitation or nervousness.
If the activation symptoms do not remit quickly it is important to consult with the doctor to review the treatment.
6- Decrease in libido, ejaculatory insufficiency and erectile dysfunction
The active principles of sertraline affect quite directly on brain regions that control sexual functioning.
In this way, this medication can produce alterations such as decreased libido, ejaculatory insufficiency or even erectile dysfunction.
These alterations usually remit when the medication is stopped.
7- Dizziness, nausea and vomiting
The effects of sertraline on the central nervous system can cause dizziness, nausea and vomiting.
These three effects are very annoying symptoms that appear as adverse reactions in a large number of drugs, including sertraline.
8- Tremor and hypertonia
The consumption of this medicineThis can also affect the functioning of the joints and cause tremor or hypertonia (increased muscle tone).
9- Alteration of attention, visual alterations and paresthesias
As far as the cognitive plane is concerned, sertraline can produce side effects on attention.
Less frequently, it can also cause visual disturbances and paresthesias.
10- Palpitations, hot flashes, yawning and dry mouth
Apart from dizziness and nausea, the activation of the central nervous system caused by sertraline can cause other symptoms.
The palpitations, hot flashes, yawns and dry mouth are the most common.
In view of the appearance of these symptoms, it is especially important to consult with the doctor.
11- Diarrhea, constipation, dyspepsia and abdominal pain
Sertraline can also affect the digestive system and produce very diverse symptoms such as constipation or diarrhea.
In addition, dyspepsia (secretion disorder, gastrointestinal motility or gastric sensitivity that disturb digestion) and abdominal pain can also be experienced.
12- Arthralgia, myalgia and chest pain
Finally, the last side effects that can be experienced as a direct form of sertraline consumption encompass a large number of pains.
Joint pains (arthralgia) in the muscle groups (myalgia) and chest pain are the most frequent.
The appearance of any of these symptoms after taking sertraline, should be consulted with a doctor.
The doctor must evaluate the present symptomatology, assess if this is caused by the direct effects of sertraline and make decisions regarding treatment to mitigate the adverse reactions suffered.
Pregnancy and use of Sertraline
There are no studies on the effects that this drug causes in pregnant women.
In animal studies, teratogenicity is not evident, but negative effects are seen in the born fetuses.
The use of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy, including sertraline, is generally discouraged.
However, in cases of pregnant women who need psychiatric treatment, the benefit / risk of ingesting sertraline should be assessed.
As regards breastfeeding, it is also recommended to avoid the use of sertraline if a newborn is to be breast-fed.
However, as in the previous case, in each case a medical professional must perform a benefit / risk assessment.
Sertraline and driving
One of the main doubts that appear when taking psychotropic drugs falls on the effects that these have on driving.
Can I drive if I take a psychotropic drug? How will it affect me in driving? It is dangerous? It is illegal?
These doubts can appear whenever a medication is taken and as a general rule, you should consult with the medical professional to get rid of doubts.
Without denying the comments so far (consultation with the doctor should always be done), sertraline is not, a priori, incompatible with driving.
In this way, a person who takes this medication, who responds well to treatment and who does not experience side effects, can drive without problems.
However, if the consumption of sertraline produces any of the symptoms described above such as sedation, nausea, drowsiness or dizziness, greater caution must be exercised.
In general, it is strongly discouraged that, in the event of the appearance of these symptoms, potentially dangerous areas are carried out, so driving or using heavy machinery should be avoided.
If before the appearance of the side effects it is consulted with the doctor and it is possible to be restored the treatment, obtaining the elimination of the secondary effects, it will be possible to be returned to lead.
Thus, the relationship between sertraline and conduction are not so linked to the characteristics of the drug but to the effects it causes in the person.
If the medication causes any symptoms that may endanger the act of driving, this activity must be completely avoided. However, if it does not cause any adverse reaction, optimal conditions for driving can be guaranteed.
Warnings and precautions for the use of sertraline
Structure of sertraline in 3D.
The main therapeutic use of sertraline lies in treating psychopathological alterations.
The mental disorder for which it is more indicated are major depressive episodes and depressive disorders.
However, as already mentioned at the beginning of the article, this medicine is also effective to intervene in other types of psychopathologies.
The most common are anxiety disorders: obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Despite this, there are a series of warnings and precautions that may discourage the use of this medication. These are:
It is discouragedthe use of sertraline in people who have suffered manic or hypomanic episodes, present schizophrenia, epilepsy or have a history of bleeding disorders.
The use of sertraline in children should be avoided, except to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Special precautions should be taken in the use of sertraline in the elderly, diabetic persons or individuals who perform or have performed electroconvulsive therapies.
Treatment with sertraline is avoided in people with angle-closure glaucoma or with a history of glaucoma.
Treatment with sertraline should be withdrawn gradually, over several weeks or months to avoid “rebound symptoms.” It is strongly discouraged to stop taking the medication from one day to the next.
Administering sertraline together with other medications such as other antidepressants, antipsychotics, dopamine agonists and opioid medications increases the risk of developing hyponatremia and serotonin syndrome.
It is not recommended to take the medicine with grapefruit juice.
It should be used with caution in people suffering from liver failure.
Why does sertraline cause side effects?
Sertraline is an antidepressant medication that, as such, is designed to act on the brain regions that modulate mood and depressive symptoms.
Specifically, as mentioned, sertraline acts on one of the most important substances in the regulation of mood in people, serotonin.
Serotonin is a series of chemicals that are distributed in different brain regions.
High amounts of this substance in the brain are related to good mood and low amounts are related to depression.
In this way, sertraline manages to increase the amounts of this substance in the brain regions by inhibiting its reuptake.
This reason explains that it is effective for depression, since increasing the amount of serotonin increases mood.
However, this factor also explains the appearance of most side effects of the medication, since serotonin not only controls mood.
Therefore, by modifying the serotonin function through sertraline, the activity of the rest of the mechanisms controlled by this substance is also modified.
The main processes in which serotonin participates are:
It produces melatonin and regulates sleep. The alteration of these functions would explain the secondary symptoms of insomnia, nightmares and drowsiness that sertraline can cause.
Regulates hunger through satiety. This mechanism explains why sertraline can cause alterations in appetite.
Balances sexual desire The important role that serotonin develops in sexual functioning justifies the appearance of symptoms such as erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction or decreased libido.